Civil Code section 1654

In cases of uncertainty not removed by the preceding rules, the language of a contract should be interpreted most strongly against the party who caused the uncertainty to exist.

Source: Section 1654, https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=CIV§ionNum=1654. (updated Jan. 1, 1982; accessed Jun. 25, 2025).

1635
1636
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1640
1641
1642
1643
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1645
1646
1646.5
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655
1656
1656.1
1656.5
1657
1657.1
1659
1660
1661
1662
1663

Up to date

Verified:
Jun. 25, 2025

§ 1654's source at ca.gov

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Location: https://california.public.law/codes/civil_code_section_1654

Original Source: Section 1654, https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=CIV§ionNum=1654. (last accessed May 12, 2025).