Insurance Code section 1943

A deviation is proper:

(a)

When caused by circumstances over which neither the master nor the owner of the ship has any control.

(b)

When necessary to comply with a warranty, or to avoid a peril, whether or not the peril is insured against.

(c)

When made in good faith and upon reasonable grounds of belief in its necessity to avoid a peril.

(d)

When made in good faith, for the purpose of saving human life or relieving another vessel in distress.

Source: Section 1943, https://leginfo.­legislature.­ca.­gov/faces/codes_displaySection.­xhtml?lawCode=INS§ionNum=1943.­ (updated Jan. 1, 1935; accessed Jun. 25, 2025).

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Verified:
Jun. 30, 2025

§ 1943's source at ca​.gov