Corporations Code section 31405

(a)

Any person who violates any provision of this law, or who violates any rule or order made under this law, shall be liable for a civil penalty not to exceed ten thousand dollars ($10,000) for each violation, which shall be assessed and recovered in a civil action brought in the name of the people of the State of California by the commissioner in any court of competent jurisdiction.

(b)

As applied to the penalties for acts in violation of this division, the remedies provided by this section and by other sections of this division are not exclusive, and may be sought and employed in any combination to enforce the provisions of this division.

(c)

No action shall be maintained to enforce any liability created under subdivision (a) unless brought before the expiration of four years after the act or transaction constituting the violation.

Source: Section 31405, https://leginfo.­legislature.­ca.­gov/faces/codes_displaySection.­xhtml?lawCode=CORP§ionNum=31405.­ (updated Sep. 10, 2004; accessed Nov. 3, 2025).

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Verified:
Nov. 3, 2025

§ 31405's source at ca​.gov