Code of Civil Procedure section 1971

No estate or interest in real property, other than for leases for a term not exceeding one year, nor any power over or concerning it, or in any manner relating thereto, can be created, granted, assigned, surrendered, or declared, otherwise than by operation of law, or a conveyance or other instrument in writing, subscribed by the party creating, granting, assigning, surrendering, or declaring the same, or by the party’s lawful agent thereunto authorized by writing.

Source: Section 1971, https://leginfo.­legislature.­ca.­gov/faces/codes_displaySection.­xhtml?lawCode=CCP§ionNum=1971.­ (updated Jul. 1, 1987; accessed Nov. 3, 2025).

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Verified:
Nov. 3, 2025

§ 1971's source at ca​.gov