Code of Civil Procedure section 1297.16

An arbitration or conciliation agreement is commercial if it arises out of a relationship of a commercial nature including, but not limited to, any of the following:

(a)

A transaction for the supply or exchange of goods or services.

(b)

A distribution agreement.

(c)

A commercial representation or agency.

(d)

An exploitation agreement or concession.

(e)

A joint venture or other, related form of industrial or business cooperation.

(f)

The carriage of goods or passengers by air, sea, rail, or road.

(g)

Construction.

(h)

Insurance.

(i)

Licensing.

(j)

Factoring.

(k)

Leasing.

(l)

Consulting.

(m)

Engineering.

(n)

Financing.

(o)

Banking.

(p)

The transfer of data or technology.

(q)

Intellectual or industrial property, including trademarks, patents, copyrights and software programs.

(r)

Professional services.

Source: Section 1297.16, https://leginfo.­legislature.­ca.­gov/faces/codes_displaySection.­xhtml?lawCode=CCP§ionNum=1297.­16.­ (updated Mar. 7, 1988; accessed Oct. 20, 2025).

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Oct. 20, 2025

§ 1297.16's source at ca​.gov